Assessment of In-vivo Effect of Ethyl Acetate Fraction of Phyllanthus amarus Leaf on Arsenate Induced Hepatic Lesion in Wistar Rats

Abstract

Therapeutics of ethyl acetate fraction of Phyllanthus amarus leaf on pathology of liver induced by arsenate was investigated in Wistar rats. The experimental rats were divided into six groups of five rats per group. Group A and B served as normal and negative controls administered with distilled water and arsenic (10 mg/kg/bwt) respectively. Group C subdivided into two as pretreatment with doses of (100, 300 mg/kg/ bwt extract) and arsenic (10 mg/kg/ bwt).  D served as post treatment subdivided into treatment doses of 100 and 300mg/kg/ bwt. The oral administration lasted for 10 days. Blood serum, liver homogenate enzymes and tissue structure were analyzed. The serum enzymes indicated a significant decrease in both ALT (23.20±0.20) and total bilirubin (Tb) (1.25±0.20) in the post treatment group as compared with negative control. The homogenate enzymes (GP, GR) activities and MDA level showed significant decrease while SOD and catalase increased significantly in treatment group at high dose when compared with the normal control at P< 0.05. The histological study indicates a mild atrophy with hapetocytes presenting intact nuclei surrounded by intact cytoplasmic components in post treatment group administered with high dose. From the above findings, it suggests 100% that ethyl acetate fraction of P. amarus showed ameliorative activity on rats with induced hepatic lesion.